Trees Gallery - Holker Hall.

Holker Hall

Holker Hall boasts 23 acres of formal gardens set within a more informal landscape of interesting trees, shrubs and meadows. They are planted to offer year-round inspiration to casual visitors and keen gardeners alike. Spring is a riot of colour with displays of tulips, daffodils, wallflowers and spring meadows, framed by majestic rhododendrons and magnolias. Summer brings billowing borders packed with colour and exciting tender plants, and wonderful summer flowering trees such as styrax, stewartia and eucryphia. Autumn brings its own show in the stunning autumn colours across the gardens.

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Carpinus betulus carpinus - from Latin for hornbeam; betulus - birch-like

HornbeamThe common English name reflects the tree's wood properties. 'Horn' refers to the hardness of the wood, while 'beam' is an Old English word for tree.

A.k.a. European or Common Hornbeam, a large shade-loving tree native to Europe and western Asia, often growing in groups near oak trees and occasionally near beech trees. Hornbeam timber has traditionally been used to produce mallets, skittles, and even the moving parts of pianos.

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Crataegus orientalis - from Greek kratos meaning strength, and akis, meaning sharp orientalis, indicates that the species is of eastern origin.

Oriental hawthorn - from the Old English word ''haga', meaning hedge, and thorn

A.k.a. c. laciniata, a small, spreading, thorny, deciduous tree growing to around 6m tall (if not clipped to shape as here). Deeply-cut, dark green downy leaves with 5-9 lobes are grey beneath and turn yellow in the autumn. White fragrant flowers in rounded sprays of twelve or more are followed by aromatic red or yellowish-red fruits. [RHS]

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Cryptomeria japonica krypto - from Greek, hidden; meros - part; referring to the concealed reproductive parts japonica - of Japan.

Japanese cedar

A.k.a. Japanese redwood, a very large evergreen tree native to Japan, reaching up to 70 m with 4 m trunk diameter. It is superficially similar to the related giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum), from which it can be differentiated by the longer leaves and smaller cones , and the harder bark on the trunk (thick, soft and spongy in giant sequoia).

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Eucryphia nymansensis eucryphia - from Greek meaning well-covered or well-protected, referring to the way the flower bud is initially enclosed, nymansensis - from Nymans garden in West Sussex, where the hybrid was first developed from seed.

Brush bush

A vigorous, broadly columnar evergreen tree growing 10 - 20m, with glossy, dark green leaves, both simple and trifoliate. Flowers are white, 6cm in width, with prominent stamens, in late summer and autumn. Eucryphias originate in Chile.

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Liriodendron tulipifera from Greek leirion - 'lily'; dendron - tree; tulipifera - tulip-bearing, referencing the flower's appearance fastigiatumfastigiatum - Latin, meaning height or peak

Tulip tree

A.k.a. whitewood, fiddletree, lynn-tree, hickory-poplar, and yellow-poplar. A large, deciduous tree native to North America, growing to 50 m. In late spring or early summer, mature tulip trees produce upright, cup-shaped flowers with yellow-green petals and orange markings inside. The tree's overall shape is pyramidal or broadly conical. Fast growing with a tall straight trunk, it is very commercially valuable timber. This specimen is a fastigiate version

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Luma apiculata luma - from the native Chilean apiculatus - ending in a short point

Chilian myrtle

A slow growing small tree of around 10 to 15 m, rarely 20 m. Its trunk appears twisted and contorted and has smooth bark, coloured grey to bright orange-brown, which peels as the tree grows - giving a two-tone appearance of rich cinnamon colour, contrasted with cream. It is evergreen, with small, fragrant, oval leaves, and profuse white flowers in early to midsummer. Its fruit is an edible black or blue berry, ripe in early autumn.

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Malus toringiodes malus - Latin for apple; toringoides - resembling malus toringo or Siebold's apple

Cut-leaf crab apple

The tree is endemic to mountain ranges of China, where it is a is a naturally occurring hybrid species with multiple ploidy levelsthe number of chromosomes varies - e.g. haploid, diploid, triploid . It is sometimes used as a root stock in apple hybridizing.

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Photinea beauverdiana photeinos: from Greek, meaning shining or bright, referring to the glossy leaves; beauverdiana - after the Swiss botanist Gustave Beauverd (1867–1942)

Christmas berry

A spreading deciduous tree native to the rivers and woodlands of China, North Vietnam and Bhutan. It has long, oval, dark green leaves, turning orange-red in autumn. Clusters of small, white flowers, 5cm across, appear in late spring followed by red berries. Its showy red berries remain long into winter, and are particularly prominent at Christmas. Leaves emerge in spring purple-brown, maturing to dark green.

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Podocarpus - from Greek podos, foot;. karpos, fruit, referring to the fleshy stalk (receptacle) that supports the fruit; macrophyllus Macrophyllus means large-leaved

Yew pine

A.k.a. Buddhist pine, fern pine, yew plum pine, Japanese yew, arhat pine, Kusamaki (クサマキ), inumaki (犬槇). A small to medium evergreen conifer native to S Japan and SE China, reaching 20 m. The cones are borne on a short stem, and have two to four scales, usually only one (sometimes two) fertile, each fertile scale bearing a single apical seed 10–15 mm. When mature, the scales swell up and become reddish purple, fleshy, and berry-like. they are then eaten by birds, which disperse the seeds in their droppings.

Pyrus salicifolia pyrus - Latin for pear; salix - willow; folia - leaves, referring to the leaves resembling those of the willow .

Willow leaved pear

A.k.a. weeping pear, a relatively small deciduous species of pear, rarely reaching 10–12 m, native to the Middle East, widely grown as an ornamental tree, and often clipped back to a topiary ball. The flowers are large and pure white highlighted with black-tipped stamens although the buds are tipped with red. The small green fruits are inedible, being hard and astringent.

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Quercus ilexQuercus - Latin for oak;ilex Roman name for holm oak, now used as a genus name for holly.

Holm oak

A.k.a. holly oak and evergreen oak. It is a large evergreen tree, reaching 21–28 m, and developing in open situations a huge head of densely leafy branches as much across, the terminal portions of the branches often pendulous in old trees. Acorns are produced one to three together on a short downy stalk, ripening in the first season.

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Rhododendron rhodon - Greek name for rose; dendron - Greek for tree.
arboreum arbor - Latin for tree - this species tends to grow larger and more tree-like than other rhododendrons.

Tree rhododendron

This is probably r. arboreum, an evergreen shrub or small tree growing to 12 m high and wide, with a showy display of bright red flowers. A native of Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Thailand.

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Rhododendron faurieirhodon - Greek name for rose; dendron - Greek for tree. fauriei, after French missionary and botanist Urbain Faurie, who collected the plant.

Chilean fire bush

This is probably R. fauriei, an upright, evergreen shrub native to Japan and Korea, with elliptic, slightly rolled, glossy, dark green leaves and spherical clusters of white flowers in late spring or early summer.

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Sassafras tzuma - possibly from Spanish saxifragia, stone-breaking; tzuma, the Chinese name for the tree..

Chinese sassafras

A large deciduous tree growing up to 35 m, native to China. Flowers are yellow and about 4 mm with blue-black and white waxy fruit. S. tzumu differs from the North American species s. albidumin in that it is monoecious male and female flowers appear on the same tree , while s. albidum is dioecious individual plants bear only male or only female flowers .

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Taxus baccata - from the Greek taxon, possibly meaning bow or arrow;baccata: from Latin meaning bearing berries, referring to the red, berry-like fruits (arils) that female yews produce. dovastonia - after the plant breeding family Dovaston, 18th - 19th century. aurea - Latin for golden or yellow.

Golden yew

A large evergreen shrub with spreading branches and drooping yellow branchlets bearing narrow leaves edged with bright yellow.

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Tilia europea - tilia Latin for lime or linden tree europaea , from Europe.

The Great Holker Lime

A.k.a. linden, a large deciduous tree up to 15–50 m native to Eyrope. This specimen was designated one of 50 great British trees in 2002. It illustrates the tendency to sprout multiple shoots at its base, and has a girth of 8.8m. This is a naturally occurring hybrid between T. cordata (small-leaved lime) and T. platyphyllos (large-leaved lime). Tilia × europaea is etres (49–164 feet) tall with a trunk up to 2.5 m diameter. Flowers are produced in clusters of 4 - 10 in early summer with a leafy yellow-green subtending bract; they are fragrant, and pollinated by bees.

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Viburnum dilatatum - viburnum, the Latin for the genus; dilatatus - spread out.

Linden arrowwood

A.k.a. linden viburnum, a deciduous shrub native to E Asia, growing to 3 m. Flowers bloom after the leaves in small creamy white clusters, followed by clusters of red drupes from September to December.